ARSS, BHARATPUR

AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH SUB STATION,

(SKN Agricultural University, Jobner)

KUMHER (BHARATPUR)

1. Name of the unit: Agricultural Research Sub Station, Kumher (Bharatpur)

2. Identity of the department/ unit, aims and objectives:

Agricultural Research Sub Station, Kumher (Bharatpur) is representing Rajasthan Agroclimatic Zone III b i.e. Flood Prone Eastern Plain zone and working under A.R.S.Navgaon (Alwar). It is situated near Bharatpur- Alwar road 12 km. away from Bharatpur.

Research Mandate:

  1. Lead functions: Crop and soil management under water logged and tank bed situation.

      b.) Verification functions: Mustard, Chick Pea, Wheat, Pearl millet, Kharif Pulses and fodder sorghum, Improvement of fruits (Ber, Aonla, Guava, Lemon and Papaya) and spices crops. Nutrient management in Saline soils

3. Completed and ongoing Projects/ Schemes in detail

Projects completed:

a. Action research for refinement of package of practices for productivity enhancement of crops in different agro-ecological situations under RKVY.

b. Developing Technologies for stress agriculture under climate change scenario in Rajasthan under RKVY.

c. Strengthening of seed under RKVY.

d. Multi-site evaluation of Transgenic Mustard Hybrid (DMH-11) based on barnase/ barstar system conducted at ARSS, Kumher

e. Farmers Participatory Research to control viral diseases in tomato and Bhindi financed by Depptt. of Agriculture.

On going Research experiments conducting at ARSS Kumher during rabi 2013-14

A. Station trial

  1. Effect of mix cropping of fennel with lentil on production & income under rainfed condition.
  2. Effect of mix cropping of coriander with lentil on production & income under rainfed condition.

B. Developing Technologies for stress agriculture under climate change scenario in Rajasthan

  1. Mitigating heat stress in wheat crop
  2.  Mitigating heat stress in barley crop
  3.  Weed management in wheat crop
  4. Weed management in barley crop
  5.  Mitigating frost injury in mustard

C. ATMA project on  “Effect of micronutrients on cauliflower production in Bharatpur district

Experiments are being conducted at different AES of Bharatpur district

i.) Talchhera village (Weir) – AES I

ii.) Bajhera village (Sewar)  – AES  II

iii.) Malipura village (Deeg) – AES  III

D. Experiments in coordination with other agencies

i.) Screening of mustard varieties under saline conditions- ARS Navgaon

 ii.) Screening of gram varieties under saline conditions- ATC Malikpur

iii.) Field Pea State AVT- RARI Durgapura (Jaipur)

iv. Lentil State AVT- RARI Durgapura (Jaipur)

4. Achievements, Recommendations and Findings:

1993-2000

1. Survey of salt affected soils and quality of irrigation water:

Soil salinity and poor quality of irrigation water have been found to be two most important constraints affecting the optimum production of crops. For assessing type of salt affected soils and quality of irrigation water 819 representative soil samples and 181 irrigation water samples have been analysed, 66.1% soil samples were found to be salt affected which were classified into following categories:

Saline- 43.5%; Saline sodic- 9.8 % and Sodic soils- 12.8%. This study is useful in salt affected soils. Gypsum requirement was worked out for saline sodic and sodic soils.

80.2% irrigation water was of poor quality which were classified as follow:-

Saline- 49.2%; Saline Sodic- 26.7% and Sodic 4.3%. 8.3% of irrigation water had high RSC ( > 5 me/l) values.

Suitable technology for managing poor quality irrigation water is being worked out.

Soil Fertility: Judicious use of fertilizers based on soil testing is one of the most important factor governing productivity of soils. Analysis of 819 soil samples for available N,P and K revealed that 85.8% soils were low in available N whereas 14.2% medium in it. Available P was low in 19.0%, medium in 39.7%  and high in 41.3%. Available K2O was high in 84.5% of the samples whereas 15.5% contained medium range.

Available Micronutrient:         117 representative soil samples were analyzed for DTPA extractable 10.2% samples were deficient (< 0.60 ppm) in available zinc, 38.4% marginal (0.60-1.20 ppm) and remaining 51.8% sufficient in it. Deficiency has been further confirmed by the soil test crop response studies with wheat as a test crop as reported in the section on nutrient management in saline soils.

2. Verification of most suitable varieties of crops for the zone IIIb.

S.No.

Crop

Varieties

(i)

Mustard

RH 819, BIO 902, RH 30, Pusa Bold, RN 393, Laxmi

(ii)

Wheat

Raj 1482,CPAN 3004, Raj 3765, Raj 3777, Lok 1

(iii)

Barley

RD 2503, RD 2552, RD 2035

(iv)

Gram

RSG 44, KPG 59, RSG 888, CSJD 884

(v)

Lentil

K 75, Sehore 74-7, L 4076

(vi)

Clusterbean

RGC 936, RGC 986, RGC 1003

3. For mustard crop grown under unirrigated heavy texture soils application of 40 Kg N and 40 Kg S ha-1 (through gypsum) was found optimum.

4. For mustard crop 45 cm. spacing between row to row has been found optimum under tank bed, heavy texture soils.

5. The spray of Thio urea @ 0.1% at 60 DAS increases the seed yield of mustard by 10 to 12% over control. In this way an additional return of about Rs.3024 ha-1 can be fetched.

6. The application of Zinc Sulphate @ 20 Kg ha-1 significantly increases the grain yield of lentil.

7.  Mixed cropping of lentil + mustard (12:2 or 6:1 rows) was found superior over lentil alone or over farmers practice (seed mixture).

8. Research conducted to find out the response of sulphur under tank bed micro farming situation revealed that increasing levels of sulphur, significantly increased the grain yield of cluster bean upto 40 kg S/ ha-1, beyond which no further response was observed.

9. Wheat (Raj 1482) irrigated with saline sodic water (EC : 10.4 dsm-1 and SAR : 10.6 ) responded significantly to N, P and Zn. Combined application of 120, 60 and 40 Kg/ ha of N, P2O5 and ZnSO4, respectively increase the grained yield of wheat by 14.0 % over control (90Kg N + 40Kg P2O5  ). It suggests that under saline conditions N, P and Zn requirement is higher as compared to non saline conditions.

10. The optimum seed rate for Gram semi bold varieties was found 80 Kg ha-1 and for small seeded varieties was found 60 Kg ha-1.

2000-01

1. Response of Mustard to foliar application of agrochemicals

Treatment

Seed Yield kg/ha

% increase over control

Additional Net return over control (Rs/ha)

1998-99

1999-2000

2000-2001

Mean

AGROCHEMCIALS

 

 

 

 

 

 

1. Control (No Spray)

1875

585

1493

1318

-

-

2. Water Spray

1941

660

1514

1372

4.09

521

3. Thio Urea (0.05%) Spray

-

-

1618

-

-

-

4. Thio Urea (0.1%) Spray

2266

861

1724

1617

22.6

3078

5. 40 Kg S ha-1 basal

-

-

1596

-

-

-

6. 40 Kg S ha-1 + TU(0.05%) 

     Spray

-

-

1757

-

-

-

7. 40 Kg S ha-1 Tu(0.1%) Spray

-

-

1850

-

-

-

8. Sulphuric acid (0.1%) Spray

2149

764

1608

1507

14.3

1923

9. Urea (1%) Spray

2207

782

168

1556

18.0

2632

10. Urea (2%) Spray

-

-

1690

-

-

-

11. ZnSo4 (0.5%) Spray

-

793

1685

-

-

-

12. Boric Acid (0.2%)

-

779

1670

-

-

-

S.Em+

82.5

27.4

34.2

-

-

-

CD at 5%

240

79.7

100.2

-

-

-

C.V. %

11.0

9.0

4.0

-

-

-

On the basis of three years results, it is concluded that spray of thio urea @ 0.1% at 45 to 60 DAS increased the seed yield of mustard by 20-22% over control

2. Studies on determining optimum seed rates for selected lentil cultivars.

Treatments

Grain Yield kgha-1

ATC Malikpur

% increased or decreased

% additional increase in lentil grain/ Kg Seed rate

1999-2000

2000-01

Mean

Variety

 

 

 

 

 

 

K-75

706

1094

900

440

17.6

 

Sehore 74-7

586

943

765

365

-

 

SEm +

19

36

-

-

-

-

C.D. at 5%

54

108

-

-

-

-

Seed Rate (Kgha-1)

 

 

 

 

 

 

20

560

833

696

 

-21

-

30

645

1029

837

4.03

-5

14.1

40

661

1054

858

3.25

-3

2.1

50

677

1093

885

2.43

+0.02

2.7

60

687

1080

883

 

0.2

SEm+

29

58

 

 

 

 

CD at 5%

82

171

 

 

 

 

C.V.%

12.9

13.8

 

 

 

 

Interaction

N.S.

N.S.

 

 

 

 

On the basis of two years data it is concluded that the optimum seed rate of lentil under tank bed micro farming situation is 30 kg ha-1.

2001-02

1.Role of thiourea in improving productivity of wheat under tank bed situation.

Treatment

Yield (Kg/ha-1)

% Increase

 

2000-01

2001-02

Mean

 

Control

3714

4133

3923

-

Seed Soaking in water 10-12 Hrs.

3776

4217

3996

2.0

Seed Soaking in TU 250 PPM

3890

4275

4083

4.5

Seed Soaking in TU 500 PPM

3989

4360

4175

6.4

SEm+

58

37

 

 

CD at 5%

201

128

 

 

Control

3654

4084

3869

-

500 ppm TU spray at tillering

3825

4255

4040

4.4

500 ppm TU spray at flowering

3908

4303

4106

6.1

500 ppm TU spray at Tillering  and flowering

3982

4341

4162

7.6

SEm+

55

48

 

 

CD at 5%

162

139

 

 

Wheat crop respond significant and commendable to seed soaking and foliar spray at tillering each by 500 ppm solution of Thio urea.

2. Studies on determining optimum seed rates for selected gram cultivars.

Treatment

Yield (Kgha-1)

% Increase/

Decrease

2000-01

2001-02

Mean

Grain Varieties

 

 

 

 

RSG-44

1432

842

1137

7.8

KPG-59

1298

813

1055

-

CD at 5%

94

NS

-

 

Seed Rates (Kg/ha-1)

 

 

 

 

50

1169

757

963

20.5

60

1388

843

1115

4.1

70

1437

852

1145

1.39

80

1466

857

1161

-

CD at 5%

133

53

 

 

CV %

9.0

6.0

 

 

Interaction

NS

NS

 

 

Chickpea RSG-44 cultivar is better under tank bed farming situation and seed rate all ready recommended as per D.R. 70 Kg/ha seed rate is confirmed.

3. Adoptability of spices – It was found that Fenugreek, coriander and fennel crops were suitable for cultivation to the Zone. Fenugugreek, Var. RMt-1 with average yield of 25 q per ha was economically suitable for cultivation in Zone IIIb. Likewise, fennel Var-RF-125 (20 q/ha) and coriander RCr 41(15 q/ha) were also suitable for cultivation. Looking to the economics of the species, the Fenugreek, crop was found most economic by providing Rs.40000 per ha, net profit followed by fennel Rs.35000 per ha and crop coriander Rs.30000 per ha net profit.

2002-03

1. Response of pea cultivars for applied phosphorus

Treatment Combination

Green Pod Yield (q/ha)

Mean Yield

C.B. Ratio

2000-01

2001-02

2002-03

Azad P-1 + 30 Kg P205/ha

88.22

60.36

95.32

81.30

1:3.13

Azad P-1 + 40 Kg P205/ha

103.11

72.36

107.69

94.38

1:3.79

Azad P-1 + 50 Kg P205/ha

96.84

69.25

103.37

89.82

1:3.49

Erkel + 30 Kg P205/ha

50.42

36.09

82.69

56.40

1:3.13

Erkel + 40 Kg P205/ha

56.37

38.37

86.42

60.38

1:3.42

Erkel + 50 Kg P205/ha

48.74

34.94

83.76

55.82

1:2.90

E-6 + 30 Kg P205/ha

48.06

33.88

78.95

53.63

1:2.99

E-6 + 40 Kg P205/ha

55.17

38.44

84.25

59.28

1:3.35

E-6 + 50 Kg P205/ha

53.76

36.72

77.38

55.95

1:3.20

S.Em+

1.43

0.61

NS

 

 

C.D. at 5%

4.41

1.88

 

 

 

The highest green pod pea yield (94.38 q/ha) was obtained by Azad P-1 variety and 40 Kg P2O5 ha-1 with 1:3.79 cost, benefit ratio (Rs. 30379 net return). Early variety Erkel with 40 Kg P2O5 ha-1 gave 60.38 q/ha green pod yield with net return Rs. 23958 /ha (cost benefit ratio 1:3.42).

2. Response of mustard cultivars to different levels of Sulphur

Cultivars

Sulphur Kg/ha

0

20

30

40

50

Av.

Rank

Vardan

1524

1857

2142

2190

1904

1924

II

Jagannath

1476

1714

1904

1761

1428

1657

 

Rohini

1477

1619

2142

2047

1761

1809

III

RH 819

1286

1524

1666

1761

1809

1609

 

Bio-902

1714

2238

2095

2142

2142

2066

I

CS-52

1428

1714

1857

1857

1809

1733

V

Vaibhav

1429

1666

1809

1667

1666

1648

 

TM-2

1000

1042

1238

1333

1476

1238

 

RH-30

1523

1761

1904

1857

1858

1781

IV

Kranti

1095

1285

1476

1477

1428

1352

 

Basanti

1381

1523

1666

1714

1619

1581

 

YST-151

809

952

1095

1238

904

100

 

RH-1359

1238

1380

1571

1572

1523

1457

 

PBR-97

1076

1170

1333

1238

1285

1219

 

RN-393

1428

1714

1857

1666

1761

1685

 

Av. Kg/ha

1324

1552

1717

1702

1625

1583

 

CD at 5%

(Kg/ha)

Cultivars

-

473

 

 

 

 

Sulphur

-

97

 

 

 

 

Cul x S

-

NS

 

 

 

 

The highest seed yield (2066 kg/ha)was fetched with the cultivars Bio-902 followed by Vardan (1924 kg/ha), Rohini (1809 kg/ha), RH-30 (1781 kg/ha), CS-22(1733 kg/ha), RN-393 (1685 kh/ha), Jagannath (1657 kg/ha), Vaibhav (1648 kg/ha) and RH-819 (1609 kg/ha). Application of sulphur enhanced the seed yield significantly at 30 Kg/ha and above over control. The interaction was not significant.

2003-04

1. Direct and residual responses of pearlmillet-wheat sequence to applied zinc

 

S.

No.

Treatment

Seed yield in Kg per ha.

2000

2001

2002

2003

Average

1.

Control

1410

810

200

650

767

2.

Zn @ 25 Kg/ha D

1660

1160

235

825

970

3.

Zn @ 25 Kg/ha R1

1585

1000

240

900

931

4.

Zn @ 25 Kg/ha R2

1480

870

205

695

812

5.

Zn @ 25 Kg/ha R3

-

840

200

675

571

6.

Zn @ 40 Kg/ha D

1690

1150

265

828

983

7.

Zn @ 40 Kg/ha R1

1645

1020

285

908

964

8.

Zn @ 40 Kg/ha R2

1570

920

200

733

855

9.

Zn @ 40 Kg/ha R3

-

870

200

266

578

 

S.Em+

72.40

53

19

24

65

 

C.D. at 5%

215

158

57

72

186

Zinc applied to pearlmillet directly and to the preceding wheat crop improved seed yield significantly over control and zinc applied in 2nd and 3rd preceding crop seasons. However zinc applied @ 40 Kg/ha and 25 Kg/ha did not show any significant difference in seed yield of pearlmillet.

2. Study to mitigate adverse effect of crust formation due to post sowing rains on productivity of pearlmillet

S.

No.

Treatment

Seed yield in Kg per ha.

2000

2002

2003

Pool average

1.

Bajra broadcasting

1535

416

339

896

2.

Bajra + Cowpea (Line sowing)

2390

533

362

1095

3.

Bajra + Guar (Line sowing)

2555

400

504

1153

4.

Bajra + FYM @ 1.0 ton/ha seed mixed

2665

383

412

153

5.

Bajra + FYM @ 2.0 ton/ha seed mixed

2675

483

430

1196

6.

Bajra Line sowing

2620

433

392

1148

7.

Bajra + FYM @ 5.0 ton/ha over furrow

2970

583

544

1365

8.

Hoeing with khurpa

2845

516

404

1255

9.

Bajra + Zal sakhti @ 5.0 Kg/ha seed mixed

2370

483

437

1096

10.

Bajra + Zal sakhti @ 10.0 Kg/ha seed mixed

2520

679

495

1231

 

S.Em+

155

57

28

125

 

C.D. at 5%

449

165

83

357

Experiment conducted to work out the agrotechniques to mitigate the adverse effect of crust formation due to post sowing rains revealed a significant improvement in seed yield due to application of FYM @ 5 tons/ha over furrow and gave 53%, 40%, 60% and 52% higher yield than farmers practice (Broad casting method) in kharif 2000, 2002, 2003 and pooled average, respectively. Application of starch polymer @ 10 Kg/ha (seed mixed) gave better results during kh. 2002 (drought seasons).

3. Management of shoot and fruit borer in brinjal through bioagents

The results of the study revealed that three sprays of recommended insecticides resulted in lowest fruit damage 31.56 and 31.27% on number and weight basis with the highest yield of 49.33 q/ha followed by six releases of T. chilonis @ 0.5 lac/ ha at weekly interval with 35.53 and 37.69% fruit damage on number and weight basis respectively resulting 43.99 q/ha yield.

4. Role of thio- urea in improving productivity of lentil

Treatment

Grain Yield Kg/ha

% increase over water Spray

Net Additio

nal return over control (kg/ha

2001

-02

2002

-03

2003

-04

Average

 

Control (Absolute)

461

1151

1013

875

-

-

Water Spray at pre flowering (60 DAS)

463

1173

1075

904

3.31

285

500 PPM TU Spray at Pre flowering(60 DAS)

537

1373

1268

1059

21.0

2420

1000 PPM TU Spray at pre flowering (60DAS)

560

1429

1310

1100

25.71

2845

0.1% H2SO4 spray at pre flowering (60 DAS)

533

1349

1199

1027

17.27

2080

1% Urea spray at pre flowering (60 DAS)

477

1296

1151

975

11.42

1320

500 PPM TU Spray at Pre flowering(75 DAS)

512

1312

512

1031

17.82

2000

1000 PPM TU Spray at pre flowering (75DAS)

558

1404

1363

1108

26.620

2955

0.1% H2So4 spray at pre flowering (75 DAS)

516

1327

1272

1038

18.63

2245

1% Urea spray at pre flowering (75 DAS)

476

1265

1113

951

8.68

960

CD at 5%

71

132

95

 

 

 

The result showed that 1000 ppm Thiourea spray at 50% flowering (75 DAS) produced the maximum seed yield with mean yield of 1108 kg ha-1. It is quite evident from the table that spray of Thiourea found significantly superior over control & all other agrochemicals, but there was no significant effect of spray stage and dose too, but the highest net additional return of Rs. 2955 ha-1 fetched with the 1000ppm of TU at 50% flowering (75 DAS) closely followed by 1000 ppm spray of TU at pre flowering (60 DAS) by giving that additional return of Rs.2845 ha-1. 

5. To test the adaptability of promising mustard varieties

S.No.

Variety

Yield (Kg ha-1)

Rank

1.

Mahon-8

886

 

2

RB-9901

980

 

3

RGN-13

1046

 

4

CS-614-4-1

953

 

5

Aravali

1098

 

6

Varuna

1123

V

7

RH-819

1163

IV

8

BIO-902

1306

I

9

RL-1359

1180

III

10

RH-30

1243

II

Variety  BIO-902  obtained  highest  yield  (1306 kg ha-1) followed by RH-30, RL-1359, RH-819 and Varuna respectively.

6. To test the adaptability of mustard strain RN-505

 

S.No.

Variety

Yield (Kg ha-1)

Rank

1.

RN 505

1270

I

2

RLM-619

1187

III

3

Vardan

1060

 

4

Varuna

1158

IV

5

Kranti

1063

V

6

RH-30

1203

II

Out of 6 entries RN-505 obtained highest yield 1270 kg ha-1 followed by RH-30, RLM-610, Varuna & Kranti respectively.

7. Foliar nutrition studies in chickpea under rainfed conditions

Treatments

Grain yield Kg ha-1

% Increase

Additional return over control Rs. ha-1

2001-02

2002-03

2003-04

Mean

A. SPRAY

 

 

 

 

 

 

Absolute control

1250

1190

921

1120

-

-

Water spray

1473

1301

970

1235

10.2

1460

Urea spray @ 2%

1510

1406

1022

1312

17.1

2438

Urea spray @ 3%

1515

1480

1052

1349

20.2

2928

DAP spray @ 2%

1699

1575

1100

1459

30.0

4430

KCl spray @ 2%

1690

1530

1082

1434

28.0

4176

SEm+

71

43

17

 

 

 

C.D. at 5%

209

119

52

 

 

 

B. BASAL

 

 

 

 

 

 

With NPKS

1625

1505

1059

1396

11.6

1390

Without NPKS

1408

1355

990

1251

-

-

SEm+

42

24

9

 

 

 

C.D. at 5%

121

72

26

 

 

 

Interaction

NS

NS

NS

 

 

 

The highest grain yield of Chickpea was recorded with 2% DAP spray and basal application of NPKS. As far as the effect of  Agrochemicals individual effect of 2% DAP spray found superior followed by 2% spray of KCl and recorded 30% & 28% increase in grain yield over control.

8. Response of methi to applied nitrogen and phosphorus

 

S.No.

Treatment combination

Yield (q/ha)

2001-02

2002-03

2003-04

Mean

1.

0 N2 + 0 P2O5/ha

11.55

11.30

11.08

11.31

2.

0 N2 + 20 P2O5/ha

12.67

14.83

11.93

13.14

3.

0 N2 + 40 P2O5/ha

12.88

14.20

12.18

13.08

4.

0 N2 + 60 P2O5/ha

12.58

13.76

12.36

13.00

5.

20 N2 + 0 P2O5/ha

12.44

12.63

12.03

12.36

6.

20 N2 + 20 P2O5/ha

14.00

15.73

13.64

14.45

7.

20 N2 + 40 P2O5/ha

14.88

18.20

14.58

15.88

8.

20 N2 + 60 P2O5/ha

14.89

12.63

14.89

14.13

9.

40 N2 + 0 P2O5/ha

12.88

14.86

13.40

13.71

10.

40 N2 + 20 P2O5/ha

14.67

16.63

14.55

15.28

11.

40 N2 + 40 P2O5/ha

19.78

19.30

19.29

19.45

12.

40 N2 + 60 P2O5/ha

18.89

17.30

18.23

18.14

13.

60 N2 + 0 P2O5/ha

16.89

17.06

16.18

16.71

14.

60 N2 + 20 P2O5/ha

16.89

18.63

15.55

17.00

15.

60 N2 + 40 P2O5/ha

18.44

17.10

17.44

17.66

16.

60 N2 + 60 P2O5/ha

18.44

16.63

17.59

17.55

 

S.Em+

1.09

0.68

0.87

 

 

CD at 5%

3.14

2.04

2.51

 

The highest mean yield of methi (19.45 Q/ha) was obtained at 40 N2 + 40 P2O5/ha followed by 40 N2 + 60 P2O5/ha (18.14 q/ha) which were significantly higher than all the other treatment combinations. Combination of 40 N2 + 40 P2O5/ha was found most economic.

2004-05

1. Integrated phosphorus management in lentil

S.

No.

Treatment

Grain Yield Kg/ha

% increase over water spray

2002-03

2003-04

2004-05

Average

1

Control (P2O5) & 15.6 Kg N2 ha-1

918

957

1027

967

-

2

20 Kg. P2O5 ha-1 through DAP

(7.8 Kg N2 ha-1)

1066

1103

1191

1120

15.80

3

20 Kg . P2O5 ha-1  through Rock Phosphate (15.6 Kg N2 ha-1)

1007

1122

1160

1096

13.34

4

PSB (15.6 Kg N2 ha-1)

992

1013

1103

1036

7.10

5

PSF (15.6 Kg N2 ha-1)

978

1004

1043

1008

4.23

6

20 Kg. P2O5 ha-1 through DAP

(7.8 Kg N2 ha-1)+ PSB

1111

1141

1252

1168

20.78

7

20 Kg. P2O5 ha-1 through DAP

(7.8 Kg N2 ha-1)+ PSF

1112

1163

1236

1170